Gum (periodontal) disease is an inflammatory disease caused by bacteria accumulation (dental plaque) above and below the gum line. It is a serious problem that must be addressed early so that teeth can be preserved. Signs of gum disease may include red, swollen or bleeding gums, bad breadth, gum recession, pain or discomfort in teeth, gums or soft tissues of the mouth, or loosening of teeth over time. Gingivitis (gum inflammation) is a mild form of gum disease and is most common in adults. At this stage, the bacteria attack the soft tissues around your teeth, creating red, swollen or bleeding gums.
Gingivitis can be treated and reversed by professional cleaning and effective home care. If left untreated, gingivitis can develop into periodontitis, affecting the supporting bone and ligaments of your teeth, resulting in loose teeth and eventually tooth loss. Uncontrolled gum disease has been associated with increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and respiratory disease.
You can prevent gum disease by brushing twice daily and flossing once a day. This should be complemented by scaling and root planning every 3-6 months to maintain healthy gums. In more severe cases, gum surgery may be recommended.
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